Supercharging Kids’ Nutrition

What to Know About Supplements for 6 Months 

to 5 Years

Key Nutrients for Children 6 Months to 5 Years

1. Vitamin D
  • Why it’s Important: Vitamin D supports bone health by aiding calcium absorption. It also plays a role in immune function.
  • Recommendation: The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends 400 IU/day for infants (6 months-12 months) and 600 IU/day for children 1-5 years old.
  • Sources: Sunlight, fortified milk, eggs, and fish. However, due to limited sun exposure in many regions, supplementation is often necessary.
 
2. Iron
  • Why it’s Important: Iron supports cognitive development and helps prevent anemia.
  • Recommendation:
    • Infants 6-12 months: 11 mg/day
    • Toddlers 1-3 years: 7 mg/day
    • Children 4-5 years: 10 mg/day
  • At-Risk Groups: Breastfed infants (after 6 months), picky eaters, and children with limited iron-rich food intake.
  • Sources: Fortified cereals, lean meats, beans, lentils, and leafy greens.
 
3. Omega-3 Fatty Acids (DHA/EPA)
  • Why it’s Important: Omega-3s support brain development, cognitive function, and eye health.
  • Recommendation: While there is no established RDA for Omega-3s, children should aim to consume 100-150 mg DHA/EPA daily.
  • Sources: Fatty fish (salmon, sardines), flaxseed, chia seeds, and fortified foods.
 
4. Calcium
  • Why it’s Important: Calcium is essential for building strong bones and teeth.
  • Recommendation:
    • 1-3 years: 700 mg/day
    • 4-5 years: 1,000 mg/day
  • Sources: Dairy products, fortified plant milks, tofu, and leafy greens.
 
5. Vitamin B12
  • Why it’s Important: Vitamin B12 supports nerve function and red blood cell production.
  • At-Risk Groups: Children on vegetarian or vegan diets.
  • Sources: Animal products, fortified plant milks, and cereals.
 
6. Multivitamins
  • When to Use: If a child has significant dietary restrictions, a poor appetite, or is a very picky eater, a multivitamin can ensure they meet daily nutrient needs.

Top Supplements for Children: A Dietitian’s Guide to Smart Choices

Choosing the right supplement for your child can feel overwhelming. Here’s what to prioritize to ensure safety and effectiveness:

  • High Quality: Choose brands with third-party testing (e.g., NSF, USP, or ConsumerLab).
  • Age-Appropriate Form: Look for liquids, powders, or chewables that match your child’s developmental stage.
  • Clean Ingredients: Avoid artificial sweeteners, colors, preservatives, and excess sugar.
 
1. Best Vitamin D Supplements

Essential for bone development and immune health.

  • Nordic Naturals Baby’s Vitamin D3 – 400 IU per drop, non-GMO, easy for infants.
  • Carlson Baby’s Super Daily D3 – Pure formula with just coconut oil and vitamin D.
  • Ddrops Baby Vitamin D3 – One drop per day with no taste and minimal ingredients.
 
2. Best Iron Supplements

Supports brain development and prevents iron deficiency anemia.

  • NovaFerrum Liquid Iron – Sugar-free, gentle on the stomach, available in tasty grape.
  • Zarbee’s Baby Iron Supplement – Naturally sweetened with agave, 10 mg per dose.
  • Wellements Organic Iron Drops – USDA organic, free of preservatives and common allergens.
 
3. Best Omega-3 (DHA) Supplements

Crucial for cognitive development and eye health.

  • Nordic Naturals Children’s DHA Liquid – Sustainably sourced, light strawberry flavor.
  • Carlson for Kids Omega-3 – Trusted purity, available in liquid or soft gels.
  • Barlean’s Omega Pals for Kids – Smoothie-like texture in kid-friendly flavors like citrus or lemonade.
 
4. Best Multivitamins for Kids

Fills in nutritional gaps for picky eaters or restrictive diets.

  • SmartyPants Toddler Formula Gummies – Contains key nutrients including D3, B12, iodine, and Omega-3s.
  • MaryRuth Organics Liquid Multivitamin – Organic, vegan-friendly, and ideal for sensitive systems.
  • Hiya Kids Daily Multivitamin – Clean label chewables with no added sugar and a focus on essential nutrients.
 
5. Best Calcium Supplements

Supports bone growth, especially during rapid development phases.

  • ChildLife Liquid Calcium with Magnesium – Combines calcium, magnesium, and D3 in a tasty liquid.
  • Bluebonnet Calcium Magnesium Zinc for Kids – Animal-shaped chewables with bone-building minerals.
  • Renzo’s Calcium with D3 Melty Tabs – Great for kids who won’t take gummies or liquids, free of sugar and dyes.

General Tips for Gummy Vitamins:

  • Sugar and Stickiness: Gummy vitamins often contain added sugar or sticky ingredients to enhance taste. These can adhere to teeth and increase the risk of cavities if not properly cleaned from the teeth.
  • Brushing Teeth: After taking gummy vitamins, it’s important to brush your child’s teeth to remove any sugar or sticky residue. This will help prevent cavities and maintain good oral hygiene.
  • Timing: Try to give gummy vitamins with meals when possible, as this can help reduce the potential for sticky residue remaining on teeth after consumption.
  • Water: If brushing right away is not an option, offer your child water after taking the vitamins to help rinse off any sugar or residue.

Tips for Parents

  1. Consult a Pediatrician: Always check with your child’s healthcare provider before starting supplements.
  2. Focus on Food First: Encourage a balanced diet rich in whole foods.
  3. Follow Dosage: Always follow the recommended dosage, as excessive intake of certain vitamins (such as iron or vitamin D) can be harmful to children.
  4. Make Supplements Fun: Use liquids or chewables that are tasty and easy to administer.

Smart Supplementing Starts Here

While a balanced diet should be the primary source of nutrients for children aged 6 months to 5 years, supplements can play a supportive role when dietary intake is insufficient. Prioritize high-quality, tested supplements that meet your child’s unique needs. As always, consult with a pediatrician or registered dietitian to ensure your child’s growth and development are on track.

By: Hannah Colby, RD, LD, CLS with Aitkin County Public Health